Ithiyori ye-Agricultural value chain iwumqondo odonse ukunaka okukhulu emkhakheni wezomnotho nentuthuko yezolimo. Kuwuhlaka olufuna ukuqonda izigaba nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene ezihilelekile ekukhiqizweni, ekucutshungulweni nasekusatshalalisweni kwemikhiqizo yezolimo, nokuthi isigaba ngasinye sinezela kanjani inani. Lo mbono uya ngokuya ubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezinqubomgomo namasu okuhloswe ngawo ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuncintisana kwezinhlelo zezolimo, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka.
Ingqikithi yethiyori yochungechunge lwezolimo umqondo wokuthi imikhiqizo yezolimo idlula ochungechungeni lwezigaba ezihlobene ngaphambi kokuba ifinyelele kumthengi wokugcina. Lezi zigaba ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukunikezwa okokufaka, ukukhiqiza, ukuphatha ngemva kokuvuna, ukucubungula, ukumaketha nokusabalalisa. Isigaba ngasinye simelela ithuba lokwengeza inani kumkhiqizo, futhi ithiyori igcizelela ukubaluleka kokudidiyela nokusebenzisana phakathi kwabalingisi abahlukene ngaphakathi kochungechunge lwenani ukuze kukhuliswe lelo nani.
Omunye wemigomo esemqoka ye-agrive chain theory umqondo wevalue added. Kubhekiselwa ekukhuphuleni inani lemikhiqizo kusixhumanisi ngasinye sochungechunge lwezimboni ngokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi, ukucubungula, ukupakisha, ukufaka uphawu, ukumaketha nezinye izindlela. Ngokwandisa inani lemikhiqizo yezolimo, abakhiqizi nabanye ababambe iqhaza ochungechungeni lwenani bangathola amanani aphezulu futhi bafinyelele izimakethe ezintsha, ekugcineni kuholele ekwenyukeni kwemali engenayo kanye nokukhula komnotho.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sethiyori ye-value chain yezolimo ukuqashelwa kwabalingisi abahlukene ababambe iqhaza ku-value chain, okuhlanganisa abalimi, abahlinzeki bama-input, abaprosesa, abahwebi, abathuthi, abathengisi nabathengi. Umlingisi ngamunye udlala indima ethile ochungechungeni lwenani futhi abambe iqhaza kuyo yonke inqubo yokudala inani. Ithiyori igcizelela isidingo sokuthi laba badlali basebenze ndawonye ngendlela ehlelekile, ngezixhumanisi ezicacile nokuxhumana, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba kahle kwemikhiqizo nolwazi kulo lonke uchungechunge.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithiyori yochungechunge lwenani lezolimo igcizelela ukubaluleka kokuguquguquka kwezimakethe kanye nendima yamandla ezimakethe ekulolongeni ukuziphatha kwabalingisi bochungechunge lwenani. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izici ezifana nokuhlinzekwa nesidingo, ukushintshashintsha kwentengo, okuthandwa ngabathengi kanye nokufinyelela emakethe. Ukuqonda lezi zinguquko kubalulekile kubadlali be-value chain ukuze benze izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi bazivumelanise nezimo zemakethe ezishintshayo, ngaleyo ndlela bakhulise ukuncintisana nokusimama kwabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithiyori yochungechunge lwezolimo igcizelela ukubaluleka kwezinqubomgomo ezisekelayo nezikhungo ukuze kube lula ukuthuthukiswa nokusebenza kwamaketango abalulekile. Lokhu kubandakanya izinqubomgomo eziphathelene nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda, ukufinyelela ezezimali, ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe, amazinga ekhwalithi kanye nemithethonqubo yokuhweba. Izikhungo eziqinile njengemifelandawonye yabalimi, izinhlangano zezimboni kanye nabalawuli nazo zibalulekile ukunikeza ukwesekwa okudingekayo kanye nokuphatha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kochungechunge lwenani olunobulungiswa nokungafihli.
Esimeni samazwe asathuthuka, ithiyori yochungechunge lwezolimo inemithelela ebalulekile ekunciphiseni ubumpofu nokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zasemakhaya. Ngokuqinisa amaketango entengo, abalimi abancane kanye nemiphakathi yasemakhaya bangazuza ekwandisweni kokufinyelela ezimakethe, ukwanda kokukhiqiza kanye nokukhuphuka kwemali engenayo. Lokhu-ke kungakhuphula ukukhula komnotho kanye nokuvikeleka kokudla.
Enye yezinselelo ezisemqoka ekusebenziseni ithiyori ye-value chain yezolimo ukuba khona kwezingqinamba nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezivimbela ukusebenza kahle kwe-value chain. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ingqalasizinda enganele, ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe kwezezimali, ukuntuleka kolwazi lobuchwepheshe, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwezimakethe. Ukubhekana nalezi zinselele kudinga indlela ephelele ehlanganisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlaka zikahulumeni, izinhlaka ezizimele, izinhlangano zentuthuko kanye nemiphakathi yendawo.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwaba nokugcizelela okwandayo endimeni yobuchwepheshe kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha ekuguquleni iketango lenani lezolimo. Izinkundla zedijithali, izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula nokuhlaziywa kwedatha kuya ngokuya kusetshenziselwa ukwenza lula ukusebenza kochungechunge lwenani, kuthuthukiswe ukuxhumana kwezimakethe nokuhlinzeka ngolwazi lwesikhathi sangempela kubahlanganyeli bochungechunge lwenani. Le ntuthuko yezobuchwepheshe inamandla okuguqula indlela imikhiqizo yezolimo ekhiqizwa ngayo, isetshenzwe futhi idayiswe, okuyenza isebenze kahle futhi iqhubeke.
Kafushane, ithiyori ye-value chain yezolimo ihlinzeka ngohlaka olubalulekile lokuqonda inkimbinkimbi yezinhlelo zezolimo kanye namathuba okudala amanani ahambisana nochungechunge lwenani. Ngokubona ukuxhumana kwabadlali abahlukene kanye nezigaba kanye nokubaluleka kokwengezwa kwenani kanye nokuguquguquka kwemakethe, ithiyori ihlinzeka ngemininingwane yokuthi ungathuthukisa kanjani ukuncintisana kanye nokusimama kwamaketango amanani ezolimo. Njengoba isidingo sokudla emhlabeni wonke siqhubeka sikhula, ukusetshenziswa kwalo mbono kubalulekile ekubumbeni ikusasa lokuthuthukiswa kwezolimo kanye nokuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yemiphakathi yabalimi emhlabeni jikelele.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-14-2024