Maunyolo odzigudubuza ndi gawo lofunikira pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana a mafakitale ndi makina, kuphatikiza magalimoto, kupanga ndi ulimi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza bwino magetsi ndi zinthu zoyendera. Komabe, zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu unyolo wodzigudubuza zimatha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu pa chilengedwe. Kumvetsetsa momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira zida zodzigudubuza ndizofunikira kuti tipange zisankho zodziwika bwino pakugwiritsa ntchito ndi kutaya kwawo.
Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamaketani odzigudubuza ndi chitsulo, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi chitsulo cha carbon. Kuchokera pakuchotsa zinthu zopangira mpaka kupanga ndi kutaya komaliza, chilichonse chimakhala ndi chilengedwe chake.
Chitsulo ndicho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamaketani odzigudubuza ndipo chimapangidwa makamaka ndi chitsulo ndi malasha. Kutulutsa kwazinthuzi kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwambiri komanso kusokoneza chilengedwe. Njira yosungunula chitsulo kuti ipange chitsulo imatulutsanso mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide ndi mpweya wina wowonjezera kutentha m’mlengalenga, zomwe zimathandiza kuti nyengo isinthe. Kuwonjezera apo, kupanga zitsulo kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndipo kumatulutsa zinyalala zomwe zingaipitse madzi ndi nthaka.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokhala ndi chromium, faifi tambala ndi zinthu zina. Ngakhale chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimapereka kukhazikika komanso moyo wautali, kutulutsa ndi kukonza zida zake, makamaka chromium ndi faifi tambala, zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa zachilengedwe. Kukumba ndi kuyenga zitsulozi kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala, kukokoloka kwa nthaka ndi kuipitsa madzi. Kuonjezera apo, kupanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kumafuna mphamvu yowonjezera mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya wa carbon uwonongeke komanso kuchepa kwa zinthu.
Chitsulo cha kaboni ndi chinthu china chodziwika bwino chomwe chimapezeka mu unyolo wodzigudubuza ndipo chimapangidwa makamaka ndi chitsulo ndi kaboni. Kupanga chitsulo cha kaboni kumakhudzanso zovuta zachilengedwe monga zitsulo zachikhalidwe, kuphatikizapo migodi yachitsulo ndi malasha, komanso kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha panthawi yopanga. Kuonjezera apo, carbon yomwe ili mu carbon steel imapangitsa kuti iwonongeke, zomwe zingapangitse kuti ziwonongeke msanga komanso kusinthidwa, kusokoneza chilengedwe.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, pakhala chidwi chofuna kufufuza zinthu zina zamaketani odzigudubuza zomwe zingathandize kukonza chilengedwe. Chimodzi mwazinthu zoterezi ndi pulasitiki, yomwe imatha kuchepetsa chilengedwe cha unyolo wodzigudubuza. Unyolo wapulasitiki ukhoza kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zobwezerezedwanso, kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa zinthu zomwe sizinachitikepo komanso kupatutsa zinyalala kuchokera kudzala. Kuphatikiza apo, maunyolo apulasitiki ndi opepuka, osachita dzimbiri, ndipo amafunikira mphamvu zochepa kuti apange kuposa unyolo wachitsulo.
Njira ina yodalirika ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochokera kumoyo, monga bioplastics, popanga ma roller chain. Bioplastics imachokera kuzinthu zongowonjezedwanso monga chimanga, nzimbe kapena mapadi ndipo ndi njira yokhazikika kuposa mapulasitiki achikhalidwe. Kupanga bioplastics nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi mpweya wocheperako ndipo kumakhudza pang'ono chilengedwe kuposa mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi petroleum.
Kuphatikiza apo, kupita patsogolo kwa zinthu zophatikizika monga ma polima opangidwa ndi kaboni fiber kumapereka mwayi wopititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a chilengedwe cha unyolo wodzigudubuza. Zidazi ndi zopepuka, zokhazikika komanso zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu panthawi yogwira ntchito komanso kuchepetsa kufunika kosinthidwa pafupipafupi.
Kuphatikiza pa kufufuza zinthu zina, kupanga ndi kukonza makina odzigudubuza kumakhudzanso chilengedwe chake. Kupaka mafuta ndi kukonza moyenera kumatha kukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa maunyolo odzigudubuza, kuchepetsa ma frequency osinthika komanso momwe chilengedwe chimayendera. Kuonjezera apo, kupanga mapangidwe a maunyolo ogwira mtima komanso okhalitsa kungathandize kusunga chuma ndi kuchepetsa zinyalala.
Pamene unyolo wodzigudubuza ufika kumapeto kwa moyo wake wothandiza, kutayika koyenera ndi machitidwe obwezeretsanso ndizofunikira kuti kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwake pa chilengedwe. Kubwezeretsanso maunyolo azitsulo kumathandiza kusunga zachilengedwe komanso kumachepetsa mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira kupanga maunyolo atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, kubwezanso mapulasitiki ndi maunyolo opangidwa ndi bio kumatha kuthandizira chuma chozungulira, kulola kuti zinthu zigwiritsidwenso ntchito ndikusinthidwanso, motero kuchepetsa kulemetsa kwa chilengedwe.
Mwachidule, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu unyolo wodzigudubuza zimakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe kuyambira pakuchotsa ndi kupanga mpaka kutaya komaliza. Ngakhale kuti zipangizo zachikhalidwe monga zitsulo ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga unyolo wodzigudubuza, pakufunikanso kufufuza zinthu zina zomwe zingathe kusintha chilengedwe. Poganizira momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira zinthu zodzigudubuza ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zokhazikika, mafakitale amatha kuchepetsa momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira ndikuthandizira tsogolo labwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-19-2024